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P.A.C.A.P.A.C.A. (Picture Archive Council of America) is an organization that governs the ethics of stock picture agencies within the United States. In recent years, some agencies from Canada and other parts of the world have joined the organization. PACA seeks to standardize the procedures for dealing with a stock agency from the end users point of view. American Stock, although not a direct member, has benefited from it's association with it's subsiduary, Camerique Inc. Intl.who was a member in good standing since it's inception some 20+ years ago. PACA maintains a list of ten items they like to call their "10 commandments". 1.) When it's created, it's copyrighted. Use the copyright notice. 2.) The photgrapher or his agent has the exclusive right to exploit the copyright in each image. That right is for the life of the photographer plus 50 years. 3.) Permission to use a copyrighted photograph for any purpose whatsoever must be obtained in advance in writing to avoid possible violation of the federal law on copyright. 4.) Any unauthorized use constitutes an infringement. 5.) Penalties for infringement are monetary and can be severe. 6.) Exceeding the terms of a license has been held to be an infringement. A new license is required prior to additional use. 7.) Combining, altering, or scanning photographs or any part thereof, including electronically, is an exclusive right held by the photographer and permission to combine or alter should be obtained in writing prior to any such changes or uses. 8.) An artist's rendering of a photograph in another medium is a derivative use of an image and does require the written permission of the copyright owner prior to use. 9.) Re-creating a copyrighted photograph is a derivative use and therefore requires the permission of the copyright owner of the original image. 10.) Reference use of a photograph or any part thereof requires
the permission of the copyright owner.
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copyright © Camerique Inc. Intl. and American Stock
Photography, Inc. 2007.
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